Zaɓin jiyya na ƙasa shine matsala da kowane mai zane ke fuskanta. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan jiyya na sama da ake samu, kuma babban mai ƙira yakamata ba kawai la'akari da tattalin arziki da kuma amfani da ƙirar ba, amma kuma kula da tsarin taro har ma da bukatun muhalli. A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen gabatarwa ga wasu suturar da aka saba amfani da su don masu ɗaure bisa ƙa'idodin da ke sama, don yin la'akari daga masu aikin ɗamara.
1. Electrogalvanizing
Zinc shine abin rufe fuska da aka fi amfani dashi don kayan haɗin kasuwanci. Farashin yana da ƙarancin arha, kuma bayyanar yana da kyau. Launuka na gama gari sun haɗa da baki da kore na soja. Koyaya, aikin anti-lalata matsakaiciya ne, kuma aikin rigakafin lalata shine mafi ƙanƙanta tsakanin yadudduka na zinc plating (shafi). Gabaɗaya, ana yin gwajin feshin gishiri na tsaka tsaki na galvanized karfe a cikin sa'o'i 72, kuma ana amfani da wakilai na musamman don tabbatar da cewa gwajin feshin gishirin tsaka tsaki ya wuce sama da sa'o'i 200. Koyaya, farashin yana da tsada, wanda shine sau 5-8 na ƙarfe na galvanized na yau da kullun.
Tsarin electrogalvanizing yana da haɗari ga haɓakar hydrogen, don haka kusoshi sama da digiri 10.9 gabaɗaya ba a bi da su tare da galvanizing. Ko da yake ana iya cire hydrogen ta hanyar amfani da tanda bayan plating, fim ɗin wucewa zai lalace a yanayin zafi sama da 60 ℃, don haka cire hydrogen dole ne a aiwatar da shi bayan lantarki da kuma kafin wucewa. Wannan yana da ƙarancin aiki da tsadar sarrafawa. A zahiri, tsire-tsire na samarwa gabaɗaya ba sa cire hydrogen da ƙarfi sai dai idan takamaiman abokan ciniki suka ba da izini.
Daidaituwar da ke tsakanin karfin juyi da karfin juzu'i na galvanized fasteners ba shi da kyau kuma ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, kuma ba a amfani da su gabaɗaya don haɗa mahimman sassa. Don inganta daidaituwar juzu'i na preload, ana iya amfani da hanyar da ake amfani da kayan shafa mai lubricating bayan plating don haɓakawa da haɓaka daidaituwar juzu'i.
2. Fosfat
Ka'ida ta asali ita ce phosphating yana da ɗan rahusa fiye da galvanizing, amma juriyarsa ta lalata ta fi galvanizing muni. Bayan phosphating, ya kamata a shafa mai, kuma juriya na lalata yana da alaƙa da aikin man da aka shafa. Misali, bayan phosphating, yin amfani da man rigakafin tsatsa na gabaɗaya da gudanar da gwajin feshin gishiri na tsaka tsaki na awanni 10-20 kawai. Aiwatar da babban matakin hana tsatsa na iya ɗaukar awanni 72-96. Amma farashinsa ya ninka sau 2-3 na man phosphating gabaɗaya.
Akwai nau'ikan phosphating guda biyu da aka saba amfani da su don masu ɗaure, zinc tushen phosphating da manganese na tushen phosphating. Zinc tushen phosphating yana da mafi kyawun aikin lubrication fiye da manganese tushen phosphating, kuma tushen phosphating na manganese yana da mafi kyawun juriya da juriya fiye da plating na zinc. Ana iya amfani dashi a yanayin zafi daga 225 zuwa 400 digiri Fahrenheit (107-204 ℃). Musamman don haɗin wasu mahimman sassa. Kamar haɗa kusoshi da goro na injin, shugaban Silinda, babban ɗaukar hoto, ƙwanƙolin tashi, kusoshi da goro, da sauransu.
Ƙarfin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yana amfani da phosphating, wanda kuma zai iya guje wa abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓakar hydrogen. Saboda haka, kusoshi sama sa 10.9 a cikin masana'antu filin kullum amfani phosphating surface jiyya.
3. Oxidation (blackening)
Blackening + mai sanannen shafi ne ga masu ɗaure masana'antu saboda shine mafi arha kuma yayi kyau kafin amfani da mai. Saboda baƙar fata, kusan ba shi da ikon rigakafin tsatsa, don haka zai yi sauri ba tare da mai ba. Ko da a gaban mai, gwajin feshin gishiri zai iya wucewa na awanni 3-5 kawai.
4. Electroplating bangare
Cadmium plating yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, musamman a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa, idan aka kwatanta da sauran jiyya na saman. Kudin jiyya na sharar ruwa a cikin aikin electroplating cadmium yana da yawa, kuma farashinsa ya kai ninki 15-20 na zinc electroplating. Don haka ba a amfani da shi a cikin masana'antu gabaɗaya, kawai don takamaiman yanayi. Fasteners da ake amfani da su don dandamalin hako mai da jirgin HNA.
5. Chromium plating
Rufin chromium yana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin yanayi, ba sauƙin canza launi da rasa haske ba, kuma yana da tsayin daka da kuma juriya mai kyau. Yin amfani da plating na chromium a kan masu ɗaure gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi don dalilai na ado. Yana da wuya a yi amfani da shi a cikin filayen masana'antu tare da buƙatun juriya mai girma, kamar yadda kyawawan abubuwan da aka yi wa chrome plated suna daidai da tsada kamar bakin karfe. Sai kawai lokacin da ƙarfin bakin karfe bai isa ba, ana amfani da maɗauran chrome plated maimakon.
Don hana lalata, jan ƙarfe da nickel yakamata a fara fara fara fara fara sanyawa chrome plating. Rufin chromium na iya jure yanayin zafi na 1200 Fahrenheit (650 ℃). Amma kuma akwai matsala ta yadda hydrogen embrittlement, kama da electrogalvanizing.
6. Nickel plating
An fi amfani dashi a cikin wuraren da ke buƙatar duka anti-lalata da kyakkyawan aiki. Misali, tashoshi masu fita na batir abin hawa.
7. Hot-tsoma galvanizing
Hot tsoma galvanizing wani zafi yaduwa shafi na zinc mai zafi zuwa ruwa. Kauri mai rufi yana tsakanin 15 da 100 μm. Kuma ba shi da sauƙin sarrafawa, amma yana da juriya mai kyau kuma ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a aikin injiniya. A lokacin aikin tsoma baki mai zafi, ana samun gurɓataccen gurɓataccen ruwa, gami da sharar zinc da tururin zinc.
Saboda kauri mai kauri, ya haifar da matsala wajen ƙulla zaren ciki da na waje a cikin kayan ɗamara. Saboda da zafin jiki na zafi-tsoma galvanizing aiki, shi ba za a iya amfani da fasteners sama sa 10.9 (340 ~ 500 ℃).
8. Ciwon Zinc
Zinc infiltration wani m karfe ne na thermal yaduwa shafi na tutiya foda. Daidaitawar sa yana da kyau, kuma ana iya samun nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i. Tsawon kauri shine 10-110 μm. Kuma ana iya sarrafa kuskuren a 10%. Ƙarfin haɗinsa da aikin anti-lalata tare da substrate sune mafi kyau a cikin suturar zinc (kamar electrogalvanizing, galvanizing mai zafi, da Dacromet). Tsarin sarrafa shi ba shi da gurɓatacce kuma mafi kyawun muhalli.
9. Dacromet
Babu batun haɓakar hydrogen, kuma ƙarfin juyi preload daidaitaccen aikin yana da kyau sosai. Ba tare da la'akari da al'amuran chromium da muhalli ba, Dacromet shine ainihin mafi dacewa ga maɗauran ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da manyan buƙatun rigakafin lalata.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-19-2023
